Germany: Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum reported on ginger

Wednesday, 24 May 2023 08:18:25

PestNet

Grahame Jackson posted a new submission ‘RALSTONIA, GINGER – GERMANY: (BADEN-WUERTTEMBERG)’

SubmissionRALSTONIA, GINGER – GERMANY: (BADEN-WUERTTEMBERG)ProMED http://www.promedmail.orgSource: European Plant Protection Organisation (EPPO) Reporting Service 04/2023/092 [summ. Mod.DHA, edited] https://gd.eppo.int/reporting/article-7574 In Germany, _Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum_ (EPPO A2 List) was found in 2021 in a research institution in Hesse on symptomatic ginger plants (_Zingiber officinale_) and tomato (_Solanum lycopersicum_); then again in the same location in 2022 on ginger and cucumber (_Cucumis sativus_). In March 2023, it was found for the 1st time in Baden-Wuerttemberg in another research institution. Rhizomes of ginger (_Zingiber officinale_) imported for consumption had been planted. The young, asymptomatic plants sampled to issue plant passports tested positive for _R. pseudosolanacearum_. Samples were sent to the national reference laboratory for confirmation, results are still pending. Eradication measures will be taken (incineration of infested plants, disinfection of glasshouse, and planting boxes). The origin of the outbreak is considered to be the organic ginger rhizomes originating in Peru. — Communicated by: ProMED [The _Ralstonia solanacearum_ (previously _Pseudomonas solanacearum_) species complex (Rss) currently includes _R. solanacearum_ (sensu stricto), _R. pseudosolanacearum_ and _R. syzygii_. The bacteria affect more than 200 plant species, including many important crops from a range of families. Various races and biovars are active under different climatic conditions and in different hosts. Major crop diseases due to members of Rss include bacterial wilt of tomato and brown rot of potato. These pathogens can also affect other solanaceous crops. The bacteria are spread by mechanical means (including insect activities), contaminated equipment, infected plant material, soil, and water. They can survive in soil on plant debris or roots of hosts. Some weeds and volunteer crop plants may serve as pathogen reservoirs. Disease management is difficult, relying mostly on exclusion from new areas and use of certified clean planting material. Some cultural methods (such as crop rotation), control of pathogen reservoirs and phytosanitary measures may be used. Biological control is being investigated. For solanaceous crops, some varieties with levels of genetic resistance exist for certain growing conditions. Maps Germany: https://promedmail.org/promed-post?place=8710200,4181 and http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/europe/germany.jpg (with states) Europe, overview: https://mapofeurope.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/europe-political-map.jpg Pictures Potato brown rot symptoms: http://www.fsvps.ru/fsvps-docs/img/core/2014-4/mk4ymkuhfs.jpg, http://plantpath.ifas.ufl.edu/rsol/images/Modules/Sptme1_BR.gif, and https://www.overtopinfo.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Bacterial-Wilt-of-Potato.jpg Bacterial wilt symptoms on tomato plants: https://giantveggiegardener.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/bacterial-wilt-u-of-wisconsin.jpg Links Rss pathogen and disease information: https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/RALSSO (with pictures), http://www.oisat.org/pests/diseases/bacterial/bacterial_wilt.html, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1364-3703.2002.00102.x, http://iant.toulouse.inra.fr/bacteria/annotation/cgi/ralso.cgi, and https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00715 Brown rot of potato: http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/php/review/2009/ralstonia/, https://doi.org/10.1079/cabicompendium.45009, and https://plantpath.ifas.ufl.edu/rsol/Trainingmodules/BRPotato_Module.html Bacterial wilt of tomato: http://www.tomatodirt.com/bacterial-wilt.html and https://plantpath.ifas.ufl.edu/rsol/Trainingmodules/BWTomato_Module.html Rss races and biovars: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-081211-173000, https://doi.org/10.1094/PHP-04-18-0015-DG, and https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326569728_Characterization_of_biovar_races_of_Ralstonia_solanacearum_the_incitant_of_bacterial_wilt_in_solanaceous_crops (tomato and other Solanaceae) Taxonomy of members of Rss via: https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy EPPO A2 quarantine list: https://www.eppo.int/ACTIVITIES/plant_quarantine/A2_list – Mod.DHA]